COURSE INTRODUCTION AND APPLICATION INFORMATION

Course Name
Scientific Basis of Medicine II
Code
Semester
Theory
(hour/week)
Application/Lab
(hour/week)
Local Credits
ECTS
SBM 102
Spring
12
4
14
16
Prerequisites
None
Course Language
English
Course Type
Required
Course Level
First Cycle
Mode of Delivery -
Teaching Methods and Techniques of the Course
Course Coordinator
Course Lecturer(s)
Assistant(s)
Course Objectives The aim of this course is to teach the students the concept of homeostasis and homeostatic mechanisms and the homeostatic processes that maintain aerobic metabolism. In this context, the students will understand the properties of body fluids, the composition of blood and its functions, the structures and functions of the immune, cardiovascular, respiratory and excretory (urinary) systems and the embryological developments of all these systems. The students will also learn the roles of these systems in fluid-electrolyte, acid-base and blood pressure homeostasis. The other goal is to understand the structures, functions and the embryological development of the digestive and endocrine systems; how digestion, absorption and metabolism of the nutrients, liquids, and electrolytes take place in the organism. The basic principles of metabolic and hormonal control mechanisms of these functions, as well as balanced and regular nutrition, the various functions of intestinal bacteria will also be learned.
Learning Outcomes The students who succeeded in this course;
  • 1. Explain the concept of homeostasis and homeostatic mechanisms.
  • 2. Define the composition of blood and explain its functions.
  • 3. Explain the molecular mechanisms of factors effective in hematopoiesis and use reasoning to classify the conditions that may cause anemia.
  • 4. Describe the structures and cells of immune system and explain their functions and the innate immune response
  • 5. Define the basic concepts of laboratory medicine and the common tests for the laboratory assessment of liver, pancreas, biliary and endocrine systems, and evaluate the laboratory methods used to investigate the metabolic states.
  • 6. Describe the embryological developmental feature and the functions of respiratory tracts in relation to their structural characteristics.
  • 7. Describe the embryological developmental features of the circulatory system and the structure of the heart and veins and explain his functions.
  • 8. Describe the structure and functions of the skin.
  • 9. Define the embryological development, macroscopic and microscopic structure of the urinary system organs and explain the functional properties
  • 10. Describe the embryological developmental features and the functions of the gastrointestinal system in relation to their macroscopic and microscopic structural characteristics.
  • 11. Explain the mechanisms of digestion, absorption and metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins.
  • 12. Explain the absorption, distribution and functions of water and minerals in the body.
  • 13. Discuss the concept of nutrition in terms of the protection and development of health.
  • 14. Describe the embryological developmental features and the functions of the endocrine system in relation to their macroscopic and microscopic structural characteristics.
  • 15. Explain the general classification, structural characteristics, synthesis, metabolism, secretion and the transport of hormones and their effects and mechanism of action.
  • 16. Explain basic epidemiological and statistical concepts (correlation, causality, randomness, confidence interval, p value, selection bias, measurement bias).
  • 17. Evaluate information sources using the steps of critical thinking.
Course Description This course will cover the structures and functions of blood, immune, cardiovascular, respiratory, excretory (urinary), digestive and endocrine systems and the embryological developments of all these systems as well as the roles of these systems in fluid-electrolyte, acid-base and blood pressure homeostasis.
Related Sustainable Development Goals

 



Course Category

 Core Courses
Major Area Courses
X
Supportive Courses
Media and Managment Skills Courses
Transferable Skill Courses

 

WEEKLY SUBJECTS AND RELATED PREPARATION STUDIES

Week Subjects Required Materials
1 Introduction to the course, Body fluids, Blood composition Kim E. Barrett, Medical Physiology Ganong. 2012, 3-10, 555 - Michael H. Ross, Wojciech Pawlina, Histology: A Text and Atlas, with Correlated Cell and Molecular Biology, 6th Edition. 2016, Chapter 10, 270-291 - Rodwell VW, Bender DA, Botham RM, Kennelly PJ, Weil PA. Harper’s Illustrated Biochemistry, Lange. 30th Ed, 2015. Chapter 50, 629-650
2 Hematopoiesis, red blood cells, hemostasis Kim E. Barrett, Medical Physiology Ganong. 2012, 556-569 - Michael H. Ross, Wojciech Pawlina, Histology: A Text and Atlas, with Correlated Cell and Molecular Biology, 6th Edition. 2016, Chapter 10, 292-303 - Rodwell VW, Bender DA, Botham RM, Kennelly PJ, Weil PA. Harper’s Illustrated Biochemistry, 30th Ed, Lange. 2015. Chapter 51 and 52, 650-676 -Abbas, Lichtman, Pillai Cellular and Molecular Immunology 8th Ed Elsevier Saunders, 2015, Chapter 2 24-26 - Alberts, Johnson, Lewis, Raff, Molecular Biology of the Cell, 6th Edition. 2015, Chapter 22; 1242-1247. - Eaves CJ. Hematopoietic stem cells: concepts, definitions, and the new reality. Blood. 2015;125(17):2605-2613.
3 Immune system Michael H. Ross, Wojciech Pawlina, Histology: A Text and Atlas, with Correlated Cell and Molecular Biology, 6th Edition. 2016, Chapter 14, 442-470 - Keith L. Moore, T. V. N. Persaud, Mark G. Torchia, The Developing Human: Clinically Oriented Embryology, 10th Edition. 2016, 163; 221; 331-332 - Keith L. Moore, Anne M. R. Agur, Arthur F. Dalley, Clinically Oriented Anatomy 7th Ed. 2014, 71-173 -Abbas, Lichtman, Pillai Cellular and Molecular Immunology 8th Ed Elsevier Saunders 2015, Chap 1 1-12, Chap 2 13-24, 24-26, Chap 4 51, 63-66, 76-77, - Levinson Review of Medical Microbiology and Immunology McGraw Hill, 2014, Chap 57 475-484 Chap 58 486-491, 500-502 Chap 60 516*518, Cjap 61 519-520. - Michael F. Murray, Mark W. Babyatsky, Monica A. Giovanni, Clinical Genomics: Practical Applications in Adult Patient Care. 2014, Chapter 31,32, 33, 38; 145-155; 175-179 (Access Medicine) - Emery’s Elements of Medical Genetics, 14th Edition. Peter Turnpenny, Sian Ellard, 2012, Chapter 13; 193-209. - Thompson & Thompson Genetics in Medicine, 8th Edition. 2016, Chapter 11; 201-213.
4 Respiratory system Keith L. Moore, Anne M. R. Agur, Arthur F. Dalley, Clinically Oriented Anatomy 7th Ed. 2014, 71-173 - Richard L. Drake, A. Wayne Vogl, Adam W. M. Mitchell, Gray's Anatomy for Students: With STUDENT CONSULT Online Access, 3rd Edition. 2015, 123-131; 139-230 - Kim E. Barrett, Medical Physiology Ganong. 2012, 621-666 - Michael H. Ross, Wojciech Pawlina, Histology: A Text and Atlas, with Correlated Cell and Molecular Biology, 6th Edition. 2016, Chapter 19, 662-684 - Keith L. Moore, T. V. N. Persaud, Mark G. Torchia, The Developing Human: Clinically Oriented Embryology, 10th Edition. 2016 - Michael F. Murray, Mark W. Babyatsky, Monica A. Giovanni, Clinical Genomics: Practical Applications in Adult Patient Care. 2014, Chapter 116, 571-574 (Access Medicine) - Wong BW, Marsch E, Treps L, Baes M, Carmeliet P. Endothelial cell metabolism in health and disease: impact of hypoxia. EMBO J. 2017 Jun 21.
5 Heart and large vessels Keith L. Moore, Anne M. R. Agur, Arthur F. Dalley, Clinically Oriented Anatomy 7th Ed. 2014, 71-173 -Richard L. Drake, A. Wayne Vogl, Adam W. M. Mitchell, Gray's Anatomy for Students: With STUDENT CONSULT Online Access, 3rd Edition. 2015, 123-131; 139-230 - Kim E. Barrett, Medical Physiology Ganong. 2012, 521-553 - Michael H. Ross, Wojciech Pawlina, Histology: A Text and Atlas, with Correlated Cell and Molecular Biology, 6th Edition. 2016, Chapter 13, 404-430 - Keith L. Moore, T. V. N. Persaud, Mark G. Torchia, The Developing Human: Clinically Oriented Embryology, 10th Edition. 2016, 62-63; 283-334 - T.W. Sadler, Langman’s Medical Embryology, 13th Ed., 2015, 175-215 - Alberts, Johnson, Lewis, Raff, Molecular Biology of the Cell, 6th Edition. 2015, Chapter 19; 1050-1056
6 Blood pressure, venous and capillary circulation Medical Physiology Ganong. Kim E. Barrett, 2012, 569-617 - Michael H. Ross, Wojciech Pawlina, Histology: A Text and Atlas, with Correlated Cell and Molecular Biology, 6th Edition. 2016, Chapter 13, 404-430
7 Excretory system Medical Physiology Ganong. Kim E. Barrett, 2012, 673-710 - Michael H. Ross, Wojciech Pawlina, Histology: A Text and Atlas, with Correlated Cell and Molecular Biology, 6th Edition. 2016, Chapter 20, 698-724 - Keith L. Moore, Anne M. R. Agur, Arthur F. Dalley, Clinically Oriented Anatomy 7th Ed. 2014, 181-313; 326-428 -Richard L. Drake, A. Wayne Vogl, Adam W. M. Mitchell, Gray's Anatomy for Students: With STUDENT CONSULT Online Access, 3rd Edition. 2015, 255-276; 277-394; 423-440; 441-519 - Keith L. Moore, T. V. N. Persaud, Mark G. Torchia, The Developing Human: Clinically Oriented Embryology, 10th Edition. 2016, 241-259 - T.W. Sadler, Langman’s Medical Embryology, 13th Ed., 2015, 250-261 -Harper’s Illustrated Biochemistry, 30th Ed, Lange. Rodwell VW, Bender DA, Botham RM, Kennelly PJ, Weil PA. 2015. Chapter 28 (271-281) - Takasato M, Er PX, Becroft M, Vanslambrouck JM, Stanley EG, Elefanty AG, Little MH. Directing human embryonic stem cell differentiation towards a renal lineage generates a self-organizing kidney. Nat Cell Biol. 2014 Jan;16(1):118-26.
8 Acid-base, liquid-electrolyte balance Medical Physiology Ganong. Kim E. Barrett, 2012, 711-719 - Mark’s Marks' essentials of medical biochemistry : a clinical approach / Lieberman M, Peet A. 2015 : Second edition. Chapter 2 (21-31) - Bertram G, Katzung, Anthony J Trevor, Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, McGraw Hill Medical, 13th Ed, 2015, 41-55.
9 Integration with CIS
10 Digestive system - Kim E. Barrett, Medical Physiology Ganong. 2012, 455-475 - Keith L. Moore, Anne M. R. Agur, Arthur F. Dalley, Clinically Oriented Anatomy 7th Ed. 2014, 71-173; 181-313; 326-428; 820-973; 981-1051 -Richard L. Drake, A. Wayne Vogl, Adam W. M. Mitchell, Gray's Anatomy for Students: With STUDENT CONSULT Online Access, 3rd Edition. 2015, 123-131; 139-230; 255-276; 277-394; 837-854; 855-1114 - Michael H. Ross, Wojciech Pawlina, Histology: A Text and Atlas, with Correlated Cell and Molecular Biology, 6th Edition. 2016, Chapter 16-17, 527-600 - Keith L. Moore, T. V. N. Persaud, Mark G. Torchia, The Developing Human: Clinically Oriented Embryology, 10th Edition. 2016, 209-214; 223-239
11 Accessory digestive organs Kim E. Barrett, Medical Physiology Ganong. 2012, 455-475 - Keith L. Moore, Anne M. R. Agur, Arthur F. Dalley, Clinically Oriented Anatomy 7th Ed. 2014, 71-173; 181-313; 326-428; 820-973; 981-1051 -Richard L. Drake, A. Wayne Vogl, Adam W. M. Mitchell, Gray's Anatomy for Students: With STUDENT CONSULT Online Access, 3rd Edition. 2015, 123-131; 139-230; 255-276; 277-394; 837-854; 855-1114 - Michael H. Ross, Wojciech Pawlina, Histology: A Text and Atlas, with Correlated Cell and Molecular Biology, 6th Edition. 2016, Chapter 16-17, 527-600 - Keith L. Moore, T. V. N. Persaud, Mark G. Torchia, The Developing Human: Clinically Oriented Embryology, 10th Edition. 2016, 209-214; 223-239
12 Carbohydrate digestion and absorption, energy metabolism Kim E. Barrett, Medical Physiology Ganong2012, 477-480 - Rodwell VW, Bender DA, Botham RM, Kennelly PJ, Weil PA. Harper’s Illustrated Biochemistry, 30th Ed, Lange. 2015. Chapters 18-21 and 43, 44 (170-197, 517-525) -Jawetz Melnick&Adelbergs Medical Microbiology 26/E. Geo. Brooks, 2013 Chap 6 77-99 -Laposata M. Laboratory Medicine 2nd Ed. 2014 McGraw Hil,l Access Medicine, Chap 16 357-370, Chap 17 371-384
13 Lipid digestion, absorption and metabolism Kim E. Barrett, Medical Physiology Ganong. 2012, 497-518 - Keith L. Moore, Anne M. R. Agur, Arthur F. Dalley, Clinically Oriented Anatomy 7th Ed. 2014, 181-313 -Richard L. Drake, A. Wayne Vogl, Adam W. M. Mitchell, Gray's Anatomy for Students: With STUDENT CONSULT Online Access, 3rd Edition. 2015, 255-276; 277-394 - Michael H. Ross, Wojciech Pawlina, Histology: A Text and Atlas, with Correlated Cell and Molecular Biology, 6th Edition. 2016, Chapter 18, 626-651 - Keith L. Moore, T. V. N. Persaud, Mark G. Torchia, The Developing Human: Clinically Oriented Embryology, 10th Edition. 2016, 217-219
14 Protein digestion, absorption and metabolism, hormones Kim E. Barrett, Medical Physiology Ganong. 2012, 483-495 - Rodwell VW, Bender DA, Botham RM, Kennelly PJ, Weil PA. Harper’s Illustrated Biochemistry, 30th Ed, Lange. 2015. Chapters 22-26 and 43 (207-265, 517-525) - Jawetz Melnick&Adelbergs Medical Microbiology 26/E. Geo. Brooks, 2013 Chap 6 77-99 -Laposata M. Laboratory Medicine 2nd Ed. 2014 McGraw Hil,l Access Medicine, Chap 16 357-370, Chap 17 371-384 - Harms M, Seale P. Brown and beige fat: development, function and therapeutic potential. Nat Med. 2013 Oct;19(10):1252-63
15 Endocrine system Kim E. Barrett, Medical Physiology Ganong. 2012, 481-483 - Rodwell VW, Bender DA, Botham RM, Kennelly PJ, Weil PA. Harper’s Illustrated Biochemistry, 30th Ed, Lange. 2015. Chapters 22-26 and 43 (207-265, 517-525) -Jawetz Melnick&Adelbergs Medical Microbiology 26/E. Geo. Brooks, 2013 Chap 6 77-99 -Laposata M. Laboratory Medicine 2nd Ed. 2014 McGraw Hil,l Access Medicine, Chap 16 357-370, Chap 17 371-384
16 Endocrine system, control of body weight, nutrition Kim E. Barrett, Medical Physiology Ganong. 2012, 299-451 - Keith L. Moore, Anne M. R. Agur, Arthur F. Dalley, Clinically Oriented Anatomy 7th Ed. 2014, 820-973; 981-1051 -Richard L. Drake, A. Wayne Vogl, Adam W. M. Mitchell, Gray's Anatomy for Students: With STUDENT CONSULT Online Access, 3rd Edition. 2015, 837-854; 855-1114 - Michael H. Ross, Wojciech Pawlina, Histology: A Text and Atlas, with Correlated Cell and Molecular Biology, 6th Edition. 2016, Chapter 21, 742-774 - Keith L. Moore, T. V. N. Persaud, Mark G. Torchia, The Developing Human: Clinically Oriented Embryology, 10th Edition. 2016, 168-171; 243-244; 259-260; 397 - Rodwell VW, Bender DA, Botham RM, Kennelly PJ, Weil PA. Harper’s Illustrated Biochemistry, 30th Ed, Lange. 2015. Chapter 41 and 42 (478-498) -Laposata M. Laboratory Medicine 2nd Ed. 2014 McGraw Hil,l Access Medicine, Chap 16 361-364, Chap 22 421-468
17 Holiday
18 Integration with CIS, general repetition
Course Notes/Textbooks
  1. Keith L. Moore, Anne M. R. Agur, Arthur F. Dalley, Clinically Oriented Anatomy 7th Ed. 2014
  2. Kim E. Barrett, Ganong’s Medical Physiology, 2012
  3. Michael H. Ross, Wojciech Pawlina, Histology: A Text and Atlas, with Correlated Cell and Molecular Biology, 6th Ed. 2016
  4. Keith L. Moore, T. V. N. Persaud, Mark G. Torchia, The Developing Human: Clinically Oriented Embryology, 10th Ed. 2016
  5. Rodwell VW, Bender DA, Botham RM, Kennelly PJ, Weil PA, Harper’s Illustrated Biochemistry, Lange. 30th Ed. 2015
  6. Alberts, Johnson, Lewis, Raff, Molecular Biology of the Cell, 6th Ed. 2015
  7. Nussbaum, McInnes, Willard, Thompson & Thompson Genetics in Medicine, 8th Ed.2016
  8. Jawetz Melnick & Adelberg’s Medical Microbiology, 26/E. Geo. Brooks, 2013
  9. Stearns and Medzhitov, Evolutionary Medicine, Sinauer Assoc, 2016
  10. Ryan and Ray Sherris, Medical Microbiology, McGraw Hill Access Medicine, 2014
  11. Levinson Review of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, 13th Ed. 2014
  12. Laposata M. Laboratory Medicine, McGraw Hill Access Medicine, 2nd Ed., 2014
  13. Bertham G Katzung, Anthony J Trevor, Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, McGraw Hill Medical, 13th Ed, 2015 
Suggested Readings/Materials
  1. Peter Turnpenny, Sian Ellard, Emery’s Elements of Medical Genetics, 14th Ed. 2012
  2. Richard L. Drake, A. Wayne Vogl, Adam W. M. Mitchell, Gray's Anatomy for Students: With STUDENT CONSULT Online Access, 3rd Ed. 2015
  3. Linda Costanzo, Physiology Cases and Problems (Board Review Series), 4th Ed. 2012
  4. Barbara Young, Geraldine O'Dowd, Phillip Woodford, Wheater's Functional Histology: A Text and Colour Atlas, 6e (FUNCTIONAL HISTOLOGY (WHEATER'S)) 6th Ed. 2014
  5. Thomas W. Sadler, Langman's Medical Embryology 13th North American Ed. 2015
  6. Lieberman M, Peet A. Mark’s Marks' essentials of medical biochemistry : a clinical approach / 2015 : Second edition.
  7. Dias RG, Gowdak MM, Pereira AC. Genetics and cardiovascular system: influence of human genetic variants on vascular function. Genes Nutr. 2011 Feb;6(1):55-62.
  8. Harms M, Seale P. Brown and beige fat: development, function and therapeutic potential. Nat Med. 2013 Oct;19(10):1252-63.
  9. Takasato M, Er PX, Becroft M, Vanslambrouck JM, Stanley EG, Elefanty AG, Little MH. Directing human embryonic stem cell differentiation towards a renal lineage generates a self-organizing kidney. Nat Cell Biol. 2014 Jan;16(1):118-26.

 

EVALUATION SYSTEM

Semester Activities Number Weigthing
Participation
Laboratory / Application
Field Work
Quizzes / Studio Critiques
Portfolio
Homework / Assignments
1
15
Presentation / Jury
Project
Seminar / Workshop
Oral Exam
1
10
Midterm
4
40
Final Exam
1
35
Total

Weighting of Semester Activities on the Final Grade
65
Weighting of End-of-Semester Activities on the Final Grade
35
Total

ECTS / WORKLOAD TABLE

Semester Activities Number Duration (Hours) Workload
Course Hours
(Including exam week: 18 x total hours)
18
12
216
Laboratory / Application Hours
(Including exam week: 18 x total hours)
18
4
Study Hours Out of Class
16
4
64
Field Work
Quizzes / Studio Critiques
Portfolio
Homework / Assignments
1
4
Presentation / Jury
Project
Seminar / Workshop
Oral Exam
1
4
Midterms
4
8
Final Exams
1
20
    Total
412

 

COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES AND PROGRAM QUALIFICATIONS RELATIONSHIP

#
 Program Competencies/Outcomes
* Contribution Level
1
2
3
4
5
1

Explain the normal structure and functions of the human body at the molecular, cellular, tissue, organ and system levels, associate them with suggestions, practices and clinical situations (nutrition, exercise, vaccination, mental health, etc.); to protect and improve the health of individuals.

 X
2

Describe the mechanisms of diseases at the molecular, cellular, tissue, organ and system levels and make evidence-based decisions by associating them with disease findings, diagnosis and treatment approaches.

 X
3

Consider the ethical principles, scientific facts, legal regulations and the biopsychosocial and cultural characteristics of the patient in the medical decision making process. Place importance and respect the autonomy of patients and the confidentiality of patient information, within the framework of the law and the provisions of healthcare application standards.

 X
4

Prioritize patient safety to minimize malpractice by carrying out risk assessment, take the necessary precautions, perform the necessary medical practice and record them.

 X
5

Communicate healthily, openly and effectively with healthcare workers, patients and their relatives, with the communication structured on empathy and care, trust and constructiveness; while being respectful to language, belief, race and cultural characteristics.

 X
6

By bearing in mind the patients’ values, beliefs, priorities, and needs; provide evidence-based options and include them in the decision making process.
7

Preserve our planet’s resources and consider its effects on the public and individual’s health, advocate to disseminate healthy lifestyle behaviors and modify factors that affect health adversely.

 X
8

Reach current, valid and reliable information effectively using technology. Critically evaluate this information for solving problems in an evidence-based medical decision-making process, bearing in mind prevention, diagnosis, and management of diseases.
9

Identify problems, create hypotheses, conduct research and employ teamwork to analyze results for generation and dissemination of health-related scientific knowledge.
10

By taking feedback and evaluating their performance, determine the areas and options for improvement and implement them within a plan.

 X
11

Care for their own personal health, safety and appearance, take the necessary precautions in order to set an example for their colleagues and society.
12

Continuously renew themselves in their medical knowledge by always bearing in mind their commitment to lifelong learning principles.

 X
13

Using various communication tools, share their professionally gained knowledge in the field of healthcare, opinions, experiences, and evaluations with institutions, colleagues and the public.  Advocate for healthcare and contribute to developing policies to protect and improve it.

 X

*1 Lowest, 2 Low, 3 Average, 4 High, 5 Highest